We quantified biomass accumulation and nitrogen (N) retranslocation, allocation, and utilization of Changbai larch (Larix olgensis) seedlings subjected to four fertilization treatments (24, 59, 81, 117 kg·ha-1 N) with an unfertilized control during summer and autumn 2009. Ammonium phosphate (18-46-0) was the fertilizer used in all treatments. On both sampling dates, the needles had greater biomass and N content than new (2009) stems and old (2008) stems, and coarse, medium and fine roots (diameters of >5, 2-5 mm, and 0-2 mm, respectively). Higher N concentration was observed in old stems and coarse roots than that in new stems and medium roots. In mid-summer, fine roots had higher N concentration than coarse roots. The treatment with 24 kg·ha-1 N had the greatest biomass and N content in needles and old stems, and highest net N retranslocation (NRA) and amount of N derived from soil. On September 21, no N translocation was observed, while the treatment with 24 kg·ha-1 N had the highest N utilization efficiency and fertilizer efficiency. Vector analysis revealed that all four fertilization treatments induced N excess relative to the control. The treatments with 59, 81, 117 kg·ha-1 N induce N excess compared with treatments at 24 kg·ha-1 N. We conclude that the traditional local fertilizer application rates exceeded N requirements and N uptake ability for Changbai larch seedlings. The application rate of 24 kg·ha-1 N is recommended. We quantified biomass accumulation and nitrogen (N) retranslocation, allocation, and utilization of Changbai larch (Larix olgensis) seedlings subjected to four fertilization treatments (24, 59, 81, 117 kg · ha- 1 N) with an unfertilized control during summer and autumn 2009. Ammonium phosphate (18-46-0) was the fertilizer used in all treatments. On both sampling dates, the needles had greater biomass and N content than new (2009) stems and old (2008) stems, and coarse, medium Higher N concentration was observed in old stems and coarse roots than that in new stems and medium roots. In mid-summer, fine roots (diameters of> 5, 2-5 mm, and 0-2 mm, respectively) had higher N concentration than coarse roots. The treatment with 24 kg · ha-1 N had the greatest biomass and N content in needles and old stems, and highest net N retranslocation (NRA) and amount of N derived from soil. On September 21 , no N translocation was observed, while the treatment with 24 kg · ha-1 N had the high est N utilization efficiency and fertilizer efficiency. Vector analysis revealed that all four fertilization treatments induced N excess relative to the control. The treatments with 59, 81, 117 kg · ha-1 N induce N excess compared with treatments at 24 kg · ha- 1 N. We conclude that the traditional local fertilizer application rates exceeded N requirements and N uptake ability for Changbai larch seedlings. The application rate of 24 kg · ha-1 N is recommended.