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聚烯烃膜的整体改性是优化其性能并增加附加值的重要途径之一。常用的方法是在溶液中或者熔融状态下均相共混或接枝,但是对于那些既不溶解亦不熔融的聚合物,非均相法将是最佳的选择。而利用超临界二氧化碳可以将反应单体溶胀进入聚合物基体当中进行聚合反应,生成聚合物共混或接枝聚合物。本文综述了近年来超临界二氧化碳在固相聚烯烃整体接枝改性中的应用,详细介绍了超临界二氧化碳在溶胀聚合和γ射线预辐射诱导接枝聚合中的作用。
The overall modification of a polyolefin film is one of the important ways to optimize its performance and add value. Common methods are to blend or graft homogeneously in solution or in a molten state, but for those polymers that are neither dissolved nor melted, the heterogeneous method will be the best choice. However, the use of supercritical carbon dioxide can swell the reaction monomer into the polymer matrix to carry out the polymerization reaction to form a polymer blend or graft polymer. This review summarizes the application of supercritical carbon dioxide in monolithic graft modification of solid polyolefins in recent years. The role of supercritical carbon dioxide in swelling polymerization and γ-ray pre-irradiation induced graft polymerization is introduced in detail.