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目的分析小儿慢性咳嗽的病因分布及相关影响因素。方法选择2012年1月至2015年11月张家港市中医医院收治的132例慢性咳嗽患儿为研究对象,同时选取同期收治的60例上呼吸道感染患儿为对照组,设计调查问卷获取慢性咳嗽组与对照组患儿的过敏史、接触史、生活环境、被动吸烟史、既往呼吸道疾病住院史等相关信息,对所得数据进行统计分析。结果婴幼儿主要以感染后咳嗽为主,学龄前及学龄儿童主要以上气道咳嗽综合征及咳嗽变异性哮喘为主。单因素分析结果显示,在粉尘或化工材料接触史、呼吸道疾病史、特应性体质、居室装修过度、被动吸烟、室内花草或宠物以及家庭过敏史或家庭哮喘史方面的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将上述因素进行Logistic回归分析,结果显示,呼吸道疾病史、室内花草或宠物、家庭过敏史或家庭哮喘史可视为儿童慢性咳嗽的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论针对小儿咳嗽特点进行病因分析,全面评估患儿病情可有效实施干预措施,提高患儿生活质量。
Objective To analyze the etiology and related factors of chronic cough in children. Methods A total of 132 children with chronic cough admitted to Zhangjiagang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2012 to November 2015 were enrolled in this study. Sixty children with upper respiratory tract infection were enrolled in this study. The questionnaire was designed to obtain chronic cough group And the control group of children with allergy history, exposure history, living environment, passive smoking history, hospital history of previous respiratory disease and other related information, statistical analysis of the data obtained. Results Infants and children mainly cough after infection, preschool and school-age children mainly airway cough syndrome and cough variant asthma. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the history of exposure to dust or chemical materials, history of respiratory diseases, atopy, attrition, passive smoking, indoor flowers or pets, family history of allergy or family history of asthma (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis of the above factors showed that the history of respiratory diseases, indoor plants or pets, family history of allergy or family history of asthma can be considered as independent factors of chronic cough in children (P <0.05). Conclusion Etiology analysis of pediatric cough characteristics, a comprehensive assessment of children’s condition can effectively implement interventions to improve children’s quality of life.