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一英国社会人类学从本世纪七十年代开始在制度上发生了戏剧性的变化。马凌诺斯基的讲习班在三十年代发展很快,该讲习班的主要成员在1945—1950年间都担任了主任的职务,统治英国社会人类学达二十年之久。1968—1972年间,他们都到了退休的年纪。人们出版了一套《纪念文集》以资纪念。有些名家堂而皇之地出版了三卷以至四卷,这些都是由他们从前的同事和学生这一帮得力的人汇编成集的。有人曾开玩笑似地把这些纪念活动比作东非居民的年龄级序仪礼,而这种比喻却恰恰暗示了其中的不平衡性,因为在退休的老一辈被给予过高荣誉的同时,他们的继承人即新手们(实际上还有一个女继承人——琼·拉芳丹[Jean La Fontaine])在接替其主任职位时却默默无闻。
A British social anthropology has undergone a dramatic institutional change since the 1970s. Ma Lenoski’s workshop developed rapidly in the 1930s. The main members of the workshop held the post of director between 1945 and 1950, governing British social anthropology for more than two decades. Between 1968 and 1972, they all reached retirement age. People published a set of “Commemorative Collection” for commemoration. Some masters have openly published three volumes to four volumes, all compiled by a group of capable colleagues from their former colleagues and students. Someone jokingly compared these commemorative activities to the age-old rituals of East African residents, which precisely suggests the imbalance among them because, while retiring their elders are given high honors, they The successor, the novice (actually, a heiress, Jean La Fontaine) was obscured by his successor.