我国白血病年均发病率为2.76/10万,以12亿人口计算,每年约有3.3万余人罹患白血病。70年代以来,由于大剂量联合化疗的应用,急性白血病(AL)的完全缓解(CR)率明显提高,但进入80年代后,除急性早幼粒细胞白血病(M3)外,CR 率一直徘徊在原有水平,没有明显提高。目前化疗仍是治疗白血病最主要的手段,临床上常用的抗白血病药物大多是以核酸及其成分为靶点的细胞毒药物。它们对白血病细胞和正常造血细胞毫无选择地以全杀灭(Ttotallkill)方式发挥细胞毒作用,因而在获得明显效果的同时给患者也带来较重的伤害。己知强烈诱导固然可提高 CR 率,但治疗相关病死率亦高,特别是在基 The average annual incidence of leukemia in China is 2.76 / 100 000, with a population of 1.2 billion. About 3.3 million people suffer from leukemia each year. Since the 1970s, the complete remission (CR) rate of acute leukemia (AL) was significantly increased due to the combination of high-dose chemotherapy and chemotherapy. However, CR rates hovered around the 1980s except for acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3) A level, there is no significant increase. At present, chemotherapy is still the most important method to treat leukemia. Most commonly used anti-leukemia drugs in clinic are cytotoxic drugs that target nucleic acids and their components. They have a detoxification of leukemia cells and normal hematopoietic cells in a Tototallkill manner and thus exert a marked effect on the patients with heavy damage. Known strong induction of course, can improve the CR rate, but the treatment-related mortality is also high, especially in the base