目的：研究单纯性肥胖少儿血ＥＴ、血脂及血压的改变及耐力运动对其的影响。方法：将受试对象分为３组，肥胖组（２１人）、对照组（１８人）和运动组（７人），比较两组间及运动组运动前后血ＥＴ、血脂和血压的改变，并进行统计学处理。结果：肥胖组少儿的血ＥＴ、ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ、ＡｐｏＢ、收缩压及舒张压与非肥胖组比较均明显增高；单纯性肥胖少儿经过２个月的耐力运动训练后，体重和血ＥＴ水平明显降低，运动后ＫＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ及ＡｐｏＢ也明显降低，ＨＤＬ和ＡｐｏＢ无明显改变。结论：单纯性肥胖可引起血ＥＴ水平明显升高，说明单纯性肥胖已使少儿的血管内皮细胞受到了损伤；运动在降低体重的同时还可以明显降低血ＥＴ水平，并使血脂发生良性改变，提示运动在减肥过程中有不可替代的作用。 Objective: To study the changes of ET, lipids and blood pressure in simple obesity children and the effects of endurance exercise on them. Methods: The subjects were divided into three groups: obese group (21), control group (18) and exercise group (7). The changes of blood ET, blood lipid and blood pressure before and after exercise were compared between two groups. And statistical analysis. Results: The levels of ET, TC, TG, LDL, ApoB, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in obese children were significantly higher than those in non-obese children. After 2 months of endurance training, the weight and blood ET levels Obviously decreased, KC, TG, LDL and ApoB also decreased obviously after exercise, while HDL and ApoB had no obvious changes. Conclusion: Simple obesity can cause a marked increase in blood ET levels, indicating that simple obesity has impaired the vascular endothelial cells in children. Exercising can reduce the level of ET while lowering body weight and benign changes of blood lipids, Tip exercise in the weight loss process has an irreplaceable role.