进入八十年代以来,由于科学技术的飞速发展,使得像美国这样的工业化国家经历着生产方式的巨大变革。钢铁、汽车和橡胶等传统的制造工业的比重将大为减少,而其中像机械加工、装配、焊接、油漆等半技术性和非技术性的工作和职业则首当其冲。机器人、办公设备自动化和计算机控制的普遍应用,使美国从1975年来已有一百万个工作业已消失,而且永不恢复。取而代之的是日益增长的对高技术,服务性行业和信息方面的 Since the 1980s, due to the rapid development of science and technology, the industrialized countries like the United States have undergone tremendous changes in their mode of production. Traditional manufacturing industries such as steel, automobiles and rubber will have a much smaller share of manufacturing, with semi-technical and non-technical jobs and occupations such as machining, assembly, welding and painting taking their toll. The widespread use of robots, office automation and computer controls has resulted in the disappearance of a million U.S. jobs in the United States from 1975 and never. Instead, it is increasingly on the high-tech, service industries and information