马克思生前未有机会系统地阐述他的外贸理论。他对资产阶级经济学家一些观点的评论、对外贸问题的一些看法,散见于《资本论》及其它著作的各章节之间。本文在对马克思的外贸理论作了初步的发掘与整理之后,认为其主要内容可以概括成这样四个方面:论述了对外贸易在资本主义生产方式的产生与发展中起的巨大作用,提出了世界范围内换算各国不同强度国别劳动的统一计量单位;闸明了价值规律在世界市场上的作用变化;指出了富国利用商品交换可以不断地攫取穷国的剩余劳动。这里,拟对这些理论及其现实意义作些具体说明。一、对外贸易在资本主义生产方式的产生与发展中起的巨大作用 Marx had never had a chance to systematically elaborate his foreign trade theory. His comments on some of the views of bourgeois economists and his opinions on the issue of foreign trade are scattered among the chapters of Capital and other writings. After the preliminary exploration and arrangement of Marx’s theory of foreign trade, this paper argues that its main contents can be summed up in four aspects as follows: the great role of foreign trade in the emergence and development of the capitalist mode of production is discussed, and the world Which is a unified unit of measurement for converting various types of labor in different countries in different regions within the scope of a single one. It also clarified the role of the law of value in world markets and pointed out that the rich countries can continue to grab the surplus labor in poor countries by using commodity exchange. Here, we intend to make some concrete explanations on these theories and their practical significance. First, foreign trade has played a huge role in the emergence and development of the capitalist mode of production