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背景:数据报告非洲地区撒哈拉以南的16个国家艾滋病病毒感染者多达2450万。目的:了解居于撒哈拉腹地的毛里塔尼亚育龄期妇女人类免疫缺陷病毒的感染及类型,为艾滋病的防治工作提供研究方向和基本资料。设计:随机抽样调查。单位:苏州大学放射医学与公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,哈尔滨医科大学碘缺乏病研究所,哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室。对象:调查于2001-03/2001-06在毛里塔尼亚14个行政区(省)进行,纳入标准:毛里塔尼亚14个行政区(省)育龄期妇女,年龄15～49岁,均知情同意。排除标准:拒绝调查及非育龄期妇女。总数为331548名,拟抽样调查4000～6000名,抽样率为1.2%～1.8%。方法:抽查育龄期妇女,采静脉血、分离血清;用酶联免疫吸附试验做初筛试验,用蛋白印迹试验做确证试验,检测人类免疫缺陷病毒的感染及其类型;用每个行政区人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的检出率乘以该行政区育龄期妇女数,即为该行政区育龄妇女人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的估计人数。主要观察指标:检测人类免疫缺陷病毒的感染及其类型;计算不同城市、不同人群的人类免疫缺陷病毒感染率,并加以分析。结果:艾卡欧特行政区(省)因故未调查,在13个行政区中抽查了4648名,抽样率为1.4%。在4648名15～49岁育龄期妇女中,检出人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者24例,总感染率为0.516%。其中,人类免疫缺陷病毒-1型22例,人类免疫缺陷病毒-2型2例;有5个城市感染率在0.50%～1.01%之间,有3个城市感染率在0～0.50%之间,有5个城市未检出;15～29岁人类免疫缺陷病毒感染23例,占95.83%;在全国13个主要城市中,人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者总数估计在1400例左右。结论:毛里塔尼亚13个主要城市育龄期妇女人类免疫缺陷病毒总感染率为0.516%;人类免疫缺陷病毒感染以人类免疫缺陷病毒-1型为主;人类免疫缺陷病毒感染有地区差异;15～29岁人类免疫缺陷病毒感染占95%以上;毛里塔尼亚艾滋病的流行态势属于传入后的传播扩散阶段。
Background: The data reported up to 24.5 million people living with HIV in 16 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective: To understand the infection and types of human immunodeficiency virus in women of childbearing age in Mauritania living in the Saharan hinterland, and to provide research directions and basic information for the prevention and control of AIDS. Design: Random sample survey. Unit: Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Radiation Medicine and Public Health, Soochow University, Institute of Iodine Deficiency Disorders, Harbin Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University. PARTICIPANTS: The survey was conducted in 14 districts (provinces) of Mauritania from March 2001 to June 2001 with the following criteria: women of childbearing age in all 14 districts (prefectures) of Mauritania, aged 15-49, were informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: Refusal of Investigation and Non-Reproductive Women. The total number of 331548, to be sampled from 4000 to 6000, the sampling rate of 1.2% to 1.8%. Methods: The women of childbearing age were randomly selected, the blood was collected and the serum was separated. The primary screening test was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the confirmatory test was performed by Western blotting to detect the human immunodeficiency virus infection and its type. The detection rate of defective virus infection multiplied by the number of women of childbearing age in the administrative area is the estimated number of HIV infection among the women of childbearing age in the administrative area. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The detection of human immunodeficiency virus infection and its type; calculation of human immunodeficiency virus infection rates in different cities and different populations, and analysis. Results: Icaote (autonomous region) did not investigate for some reason and randomly selected 4648 people from 13 administrative districts with a sampling rate of 1.4%. Among 4648 women of childbearing age from 15 to 49 years old, 24 cases of human immunodeficiency virus infection were detected, the total infection rate was 0.516%. Among them, 22 cases were human immunodeficiency virus-1 and 2 cases were human immunodeficiency virus-2. Five cities had infection rates between 0.50% and 1.01%, and three cities had infection rates between 0 and 0.50% , Five cities were not detected; 23 to 15-year-old human immunodeficiency virus infection in 23 cases, accounting for 95.83%; in 13 major cities in the country, the total number of human immunodeficiency virus infections are estimated at about 1400 cases. CONCLUSION: The total infection rate of human immunodeficiency virus in women of childbearing age in 13 major cities in Mauritania is 0.516%. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is mainly human immunodeficiency virus-1 type. There are regional differences in human immunodeficiency virus infection and 15-29 years old Human immunodeficiency virus infection accounts for more than 95%; Mauritania’s AIDS epidemic is the spread of diffusion after the introduction of the stage.