【摘 要】
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目的 观察30岁以后发病的Leber遗传性视神经病变(LHON)患者的临床特征.方法 临床确诊为LHON的9例患者18只眼纳入研究.所有患者均为男性.发病年龄34~56岁,平均年龄(45.22±6.91
【机 构】
:
河北省眼科医院河北省眼科学重点实验室,浙江大学生命科学院
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目的 观察30岁以后发病的Leber遗传性视神经病变(LHON)患者的临床特征.方法 临床确诊为LHON的9例患者18只眼纳入研究.所有患者均为男性.发病年龄34~56岁,平均年龄(45.22±6.91)岁.病程7 d~21个月,病程中位数5个月.所有患者均详细询问病史及家族史,并行视力、裂隙灯显微镜、直接检眼镜、色觉、眼底照相检查.6例11只眼同时行视野检查.观察患者的各项检查表现.抽取患者静脉血进行线粒体DNA(mtDNA)检测,分析其基因突变位点.平均随访时间12个月,随访观察患者的视力情况.结果 9例患者中,有家族史者7例,占77.78%.双眼同时发病5例,占55.56%;双眼先后发病4例,占44.44%.视力突然下降3例,占33.33%;逐渐下降6例,占66.67%.18只眼中,视力光感1只眼,占5.55%;数指3只眼,占16.67%;0.01~0.1者7只眼,占38.89%;0.12~0.3者3只眼,占16.67%;≥0.4者4只眼,占22.22%.瞳孔对光反射正常16只眼,占88.88%;瞳孔直接对光反射消失1只眼,占5.55%;瞳孔传入障碍1只眼,占5.55%.视盘颜色淡红、边界清楚8只眼,占44.44%;视盘充血、边界模糊、视盘表面毛细血管扩张3只眼,占16.67%;视盘颜色淡白、边界清楚7只眼,占38.89%.行视野检查的11只眼中,表现为中心暗点或旁中心暗点9只眼,占81.82%;表现为视野缩窄2只眼,占18.18%.mtDNA检测发现,9例患者中,G11778A位点突变阳性7例,占77.78%;T14484C位点突变阳性1例,占11.11%;G11696A位点突变阳性1例,占11.11%.末次随访时,18只眼中,视力光感1只眼,占5.55%;数指4只眼,占22.22%;0.01~0.1者6只眼,占33.33%;0.12~0.3者3只眼,占16.67%;≥0.4者4只眼,占22.22%.视力提高9只眼,占50.00%;稳定7只眼,占38.89%;下降2只眼,占11.11%.结论 30岁以后发病的LHON多发生于男性患者,瞳孔对光反射大多正常,视野主要表现为中心暗点或旁中心暗点,以G11778A位点基因突变为多见.
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