地质灾害是指由于自然因素或者人为活动引发的危害人民生命和财产安全的山体崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、地面塌陷、地裂缝、地面沉降等与地质作用有关的灾害。我国江河众多,地形地貌复杂,降雨时空分布不均,加上人类工程经济活动的增强,已成为世界上地质灾害最发育、危害最严重的国家之一。 Geological disasters refer to geological disasters such as landslides, debris flows, ground subsidence, ground fissures and land subsidence caused by natural factors or human activities that endanger people’s lives and property. Due to the large number of rivers, complex terrain and uneven temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall, and the enhancement of economic activities of human engineering, China has become one of the countries with the most developed and hardest geological disasters in the world.