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骨质疏松症是一种最常见而又被忽视的代谢性骨病。其病理改变是单位骨面积的骨量减少、骨皮质变薄、骨松质的骨小梁稀疏,易导致骨折、全身骨痛、身长缩短、驼背等。多发生于绝经后妇女、老人及瘫痪和长期卧病在床者。由于骨质疏松症所致的痛苦和严重影响了生活质量,因而已是现代医学的重要课题,同时也是世界性的公共卫生问题。1 骨质疏松症的流行特征 近年来美国的研究报告表明有2500万美国人患骨质疏松症,每年约有25万人因骨质疏松导致髓关节骨折,其中12％～20％的人因此丧失了独立生活能力,如不采取措施,45年后将有520万人骨折,政府为此将增加45.2亿美元的医疗费用。在日本目前已有骨质疏松症患者830万人,65岁以上老人中每3人即有1人患骨质疏松症,因而被称为“新国民病”。
Osteoporosis is one of the most common and overlooked metabolic bone diseases. The pathological changes of bone mass per unit area of the bone is reduced, the cortical thinning, spongy trabecular bone sparse, easily lead to fractures, body pain, shortening, humpback and so on. Occurs in postmenopausal women, the elderly and paralyzed and long-term bedridden patients. Due to the pain caused by osteoporosis and the serious impact on the quality of life, it is an important issue in modern medicine and a worldwide issue of public health. 1 The prevalence of osteoporosis in the United States in recent years, studies have reported that 25 million Americans suffering from osteoporosis, about 250,000 people each year due to osteoporosis caused by fractures of the pulp, of which 12% to 20% of the people Without independent living capacity, if no measures are taken, 45 million will have 5.2 million fractures, and the government will increase the medical expenses by 4.52 billion U.S. dollars. In Japan, there are currently 8.3 million people with osteoporosis and one in three people over the age of 65 suffering from osteoporosis. Therefore, it is called “New National Disease.”