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目的分析隆回县214例麻疹病例的流行病学特征,探讨加速控制麻疹的策略。方法通过收集隆回县2013年1月1日-8月1日214例麻疹病例资料,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果隆回县214例麻疹病例中,男性152人,女性62人,男女比例为2.45:1。年龄最小为18 d,最大为38岁,发病人群主要以散居儿童和农民居多,分布于22个乡镇,病例数居前三位的乡镇为桃洪镇、司门前镇、滩头镇。发病者中11.21%的有明确的麻疹疫苗免疫史,78.97%的未接种过麻疹疫苗,9.81%的免疫史不详。结论通过对报告病例的地区、时间分布特征和相关的年龄和免疫史分布状况分析,表明隆回县麻疹发病的主要原因是麻疹疫苗接种率低和免疫失败,故应提高麻疹疫苗的常规接种率和接种质量,继续加强麻疹监测。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 214 cases of measles in Longhui County and to explore strategies to speed up the control of measles. Methods A total of 214 cases of measles were collected from January 1, 2013 to August 1, 2013 in Longhui County for descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results Among 214 cases of measles in Longhui County, there were 152 males and 62 females, the ratio of male to female was 2.45: 1. The youngest was 18 days and the maximum was 38 years old. The majority of the patients were mainly scattered children and peasants. They were distributed in 22 towns and townships. The top three townships were Taohong Town, Simenqian Town and Tantou Town. The incidence of measles vaccine in 11.21% of the history of a clear, 78.97% of the vaccine has not been vaccinated, 9.81% of the history of immunization is unknown. Conclusion The analysis of the distribution characteristics of the reported cases and the distribution of age and immunization history shows that the main reason for the incidence of measles in Longhui County is the low measles vaccination rate and immunological failure. Therefore, the routine immunization rate of measles vaccine should be raised And vaccination quality, continue to strengthen measles monitoring.