With more than 6000 accessions collected from across China, the Chinese National Crop Gene Bank (CNCGB) holds the largest collection of annual wild soybean (Glycine Soja) germplasm in the world. To facilitate the management and utilization of these germplasm collections, it is important to establish a Core Collection. This study compares five sampling strategies, namely random, constant, proportional, logarithmic and genetic diversity-based, to establish a Core Collection for the annual wild soybean germplasm. Among the strategies evaluated, the genetic di- versity-based was found to be the simplest and most efficient. Using hierarchical classification and cluster analysis, in the genetic diversity diversity-based strategy, 652 accessions, accounting for 10.65% of the total 6172 accessions, were se- lected out to represent the total accessions. The established Core Collection has the following features: (i) the 21 de- scriptors observed in the entire collection were compared by the Core Collection, all 18 quality characters of entire collec- tion were preserved by core collection, and coincidence rate of average was 98.4%; (ii) the variant of 13 descriptors of the two collections was very similar, with the coincidence index being 0.96; (iii) the coincidence rate of genetic diversity be- tween the two collections was 81.38% DNA alleles; (iv) the geographic distribution pattern of core collection was the same as the entire collection; (v) molecular marker analysis by 20 SSR primer pairs on 299 accessions showed that the Core Collection covered 83.64% of the entire collection. It thus is concluded that the established Core Collection is rep- resentative and will be a valuable entry point for better evaluation and more efficient utilization of the genetic re- sources available in the annual wild soybean germplasm bank. With more than 6000 accessions collected from across China, the Chinese National Crop Gene Bank (CNCGB) holds the largest collection of annual wild soybean (Glycine Soja) germplasm in the world. To facilitate the management and utilization of these germplasm collections, it is important to establish a Core Collection. This study compares five sampling strategies, namely random, constant, proportional, logarithmic and genetic diversity-based, to establish a Core Collection for the annual wild germinant. Among the strategies evaluated, the genetic di- versity- based was found to be the simplest and most efficient. Using hierarchical classification and cluster analysis, in the genetic diversity diversity-based strategy, 652 accessions, accounting for 10.65% of the total 6172 accessions, were se lected to the total accessions The established Core Collection has the following features: (i) the 21 de- scriptors observed in the entire collection were compared by the Cor e Collection, all 18 quality characters of entire collec- tion were preserved by core collection, and coincidence rate of average was 98.4%; (ii) the variant of 13 descriptors of the two collections was very similar, with the coincidence index being 0.96; (iii) the coincidence rate of genetic diversity be-tween the two collections was 81.38% DNA alleles; (iv) the geographic distribution pattern of core collection was the same as the entire collection; (v) molecular marker analysis by 20 SSR primer pairs on 299 accessions showed that the Core Collection covered 83.64% of the entire collection. It thus is that that established Core Collection is rep-resentative and will be valuable entry point for better evaluation and more efficient utilization of the genetic re- sources in the annual wild soybean germplasm bank.