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目的了解泰州市急性散发性戊肝发病的主要流行病学特征。方法采用自制的调查表对泰州市2008年戊肝患者的一般情况、流行病学史、个人卫生行为、动物饲养情况等进行调查,对调查结果进行描述和分析。结果共对109例戊肝患者进行了调查,占全年戊肝病例数的67.3%,男女性别比为1∶0.31,文盲及小学文化水平占47.7%,以民工为主的产业工人阶层和农业劳动者阶层占总患者数的78.0%,月收入低于1 000元的占总患者数的87.2%,2～4月份发病占全部病例的45.9%。发病前15～75 d,患者中具有外餐史、凉菜史和外出史的比例分别为47.7%、36.7%和16.5%,患者中洗手习惯一般和不常或偶尔的占全部病例的64.2%。结论2～4月份是泰州市戊肝发病的高峰季节,患者发病主要集中于收入较少、文化水平低的30～60岁农村居民,男性多于女性,发病前15～75 d有外餐史、凉菜史、外出史构成暴露危险因素的前3位。
Objective To understand the main epidemiological characteristics of acute sporadic encephalopathy in Taizhou City. Methods A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the general situation, history of epidemiology, personal hygiene and animal husbandry in Taizhou in 2008, and to describe and analyze the survey results. Results A total of 109 cases of hepatitis E patients were investigated, accounting for 67.3% of the total number of cases of hepatitis E, the sex ratio of 1:0.31 for men and women, illiteracy and primary school education accounted for 47.7%, mainly migrant workers, industrial workers and agriculture The working class accounted for 78.0% of the total number of patients, monthly income of less than 1 000 yuan of the total number of patients 87.2%, 2 to April accounted for 45.9% of all cases. Before the onset of 15 ~ 75 d, patients with foreign food history, cold dish history and out of history were 47.7%, 36.7% and 16.5%, wash habits in patients with common and infrequent or occasional 64.2% of all cases. Conclusions From February to April, it is the peak season for the incidence of hepatitis E in Taizhou. The incidence of the disease is mainly concentrated in rural residents aged 30 to 60 with less income and lower educational level than in women, with a history of eating out before 15 ~ 75 d , The history of cold dishes, the history of out-of-life constitute the first three risk factors exposed.