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目的了解山西省地方性砷中毒的病情分布,为今后的防治工作提供科学依据。方法 2009年,根据《地方病防治项目技术方案》的要求,结合山西省的实际情况,在已确定的地方性砷中毒病区周围选择10个县的37个村进行水砷含量和病情调查;水砷含量检测采用原子荧光法,砷中毒病情诊断按《地方性砷中毒诊断标准》(WS/T 211-2001)进行诊断。结果 37个村中,未改水村12个、已改水村25个,未改水村水砷超标现象比较严重,最高的达到了0.498 0 mg/L,已改水村中,水砷含量最高的为0.043 2 mg/L,最低的为0.000 1 mg/L,符合国家饮用水水砷卫生标准(<0.05 mg/L);未改水村共调查了13 332人,查出砷中毒患者155人,患病率1.16%(155/13 332),其中轻度患者104人,占0.78%(104/13 332),中度患者51人,占0.38%(51/13 332),无重度患者;根据病区判定标准,这12个村均为新发现的砷中毒病区。已改水村共调查19 603人,查出砷中毒患者260人,患病率1.33%(260/19 603),其中轻度患者223人,占1.14%(223/19 603),中度患者36人,占0.18%(36/19 603),重度患者1人,占0.005%(1/19 603)。本次调查的37个村病情较轻。结论在地方性砷中毒病区周围仍然有新病区出现,今后应注重在病区邻近地区进行水砷和病情的调查工作,进一步摸清山西省的地方性砷中毒分布状况。
Objective To understand the distribution of endemic arsenism in Shanxi Province and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and treatment. Methods In 2009, in accordance with the requirements of the “Technical Plan for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Project” and in combination with the actual conditions in Shanxi Province, 37 villages in 10 counties around the identified endemic arsenism area were surveyed for water arsenic content and disease status. Water Detection of arsenic content by atomic fluorescence spectrometry, arsenicosis diagnosis according to “diagnostic criteria of endemic arsenism” (WS / T 211-2001) for diagnosis. Results Among the 37 villages, 12 villages were unmodified and 25 villages were altered. The over-standard arsenic in the unimproved village was severe, with the highest reached 0.498 0 mg / L. The highest arsenic concentration in the villages was 0.043 2 mg / L, and the lowest was 0.000 1 mg / L, which was in line with the national standard of drinking water arsenic (<0.05 mg / L). A total of 13 332 people were surveyed without water and 155 arsenic poisoning patients were detected. The rate was 1.16% (155/13 332), of which 104 were mild, accounting for 0.78% (104/13 332) and 51 moderate, accounting for 0.38% (51/13 332) Decision criteria, these 12 villages are newly discovered arsenic poisoning ward. A total of 19 603 people have been surveyed, 260 of whom were arsenic poisoning, with a prevalence of 1.33% (260/19603), of whom 223 were mild, accounting for 1.14% (223/19603) and moderate People, accounting for 0.18% (36/19603), 1 patient with severe disease, accounting for 0.005% (1/19 603). The 37 villages in this survey have a mild illness. Conclusion There are still new ward around the endemic arsenism area. In the future, we should pay more attention to the investigation of water arsenic and its disease in the adjacent area of ward to find out the distribution of endemic arsenism in Shanxi Province.