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1940年3月30日,汪伪政府在南京宣告成立,但日本当局并未应汪伪政府的要求,当即对其加以承认。同年11月,随着日汪基本条约的签订,双方才正式建立了所谓的“外交关系”。日本当局对承认汪伪政府迁延日久,一方面是要通过日汪基本条约确定在华侵略利益,另一方面认为汪伪政府实力不足,无法借扶植汪伪政府来完成其侵略目标,要“解决事变”仍需进行诱降重庆国民政府的“重庆工作”。由此,日本当局的政策一直在扶植汪伪政府与加强“重庆工作”间摇摆不定。然而,不断变化的国际形势,日本外务省与军部在对华政治、外交事务主导权上的争夺,以及重庆国民政府和汪伪政权所采取的行动,均影响了日本当局的相关决策,使这一过程更加复杂化。通过考察日本承认汪伪政府的经纬,相信对了解日本侵华期间的决策过程会有所裨益。
On March 30, 1940, the Wang puppet government was proclaimed in Nanjing, but the Japanese authorities did not immediately acknowledge it at the request of the puppet government. In November of the same year, with the signing of the basic treaty between Japan and Wang, the two sides formally established the so-called “diplomatic relations.” Japanese authorities have long recognized the protracted efforts of the Wang pseudo government to determine the aggressive interests in China through the basic treaties of Japan and the Uygur Autonomous Region; on the other hand, they consider that the Wang pseudo-government is inadequate in strength and unable to complete its aggressive goal by building a pseudo-government; “Solving the Incident” still needs to be lured down by the Chongqing National Government’s “work in Chongqing.” As a result, the policy of the Japanese authorities has been wavering between the government of Wang Puppet and the strengthening of the “work in Chongqing.” However, the ever-changing international situation, the scramble by Japan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the military over the dominance of China’s political and diplomatic affairs, and the actions taken by the Chongqing National Government and the Puppet Government have all affected the decision-making by the Japanese authorities. This process is even more complicated. By examining the latitude and longitude of Japan’s recognition of the Wangbi government, I believe it will be beneficial to understand the decision-making process during Japan’s invasion of China.