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该实验对纯香灰菌(Hypoxylon sp.)培养及其与银耳(Tremella fuciformis)混合培养过程中的纤维素酶、淀粉酶、漆酶等培养原料基质降解相关酶变化规律进行了比较与分析。结果表明,香灰菌长满菌袋后淀粉酶与漆酶活力随着培养时间的延长逐渐下降,木聚糖酶活力在培养至15 d达到最大值5 000 U·m L-1,纤维素酶活力培养至5 d后,稳定在40 U·m L-1左右,可以有效降解木料培养基。银耳与香灰菌混合培养后,在固体培养过程中,其中胞外可溶性蛋白浓度和木聚糖酶、纤维素酶活力变化规律与香灰菌纯培养相似,而淀粉酶在培养至第10天达到最大值2 253 U·m L-1,其胞外可溶性蛋白浓度与木聚糖酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶活力显著提高,漆酶活力培养至第5天达到最大值71.33 U·m L-1,随后迅速下降,蛋白酶活力变化情况与淀粉酶相似,第15天酶活力达到最大值3.05 U·m L-1。说明混合培养中两者具有互作效应,可以有效促进胞外蛋白的分泌,提高基质降解相关酶活力,促进菌体对基质的降解,提高养分的供应。该结果可为银耳优良菌种的选育,两者的配比以及栽培料的选择与优化提供科学依据。
The experiment compared and analyzed the changes of enzyme related to matrix degradation of Hypoxylon sp. And its culture materials such as cellulase, amylase and laccase mixed with Tremella fuciformis. The results showed that the activities of amylase and laccase gradually decreased with the prolongation of culturing time, and the activity of xylanase reached a maximum of 5 000 U · m L-1 after 15 d of culture. The activity of cellulase After 5 days, the viability was stable at about 40 U · m L-1, which could effectively degrade the wood media. After mixed cultivation of Tremella fuciformis and Rhizoctonia solani, the changes of extracellular soluble protein concentration, xylanase and cellulase activity in solid culture were similar to those in pure culture of A. fragrans, while the amylase reached the maximum Value of 2 253 U · m L-1, the extracellular soluble protein concentration and xylanase, cellulase and amylase activity was significantly increased, the laccase activity cultured to reach the maximum value of 71.33 U · m L-1 , Followed by rapid decline. The change of protease activity was similar to that of amylase, and reached the maximum value of 3.05 U · m L-1 on the 15th day. It shows that the two have an interaction effect in the mixed culture, which can effectively promote the secretion of extracellular proteins, increase the activity of enzymes related to matrix degradation, promote the degradation of matrix by the bacterial cells and increase the supply of nutrients. The results can provide a scientific basis for the breeding of excellent strains of Tremella fuciformis, the ratio between the two and the selection and optimization of planting materials.