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沃勒斯坦是世界体系论的创立者,他声称自己的世界体系论研究方法是整体主义的,但实际情况并非如此,他实际上是在经济主义的视角中去分析世界体系的。沃勒斯坦将理解民族国家的“经济决定论”简单地移植到了对世界体系的分析中,把世界体系的复杂关系简化为或解释为一种经济关系。他认为,经济因素是世界体系得以产生和运行的决定性的、首要性的、基础性的因素,而政治的、文化的因素要么在世界体系中发挥辅助性的作用,要么只是经济变动的结果。沃勒斯坦的世界体系论在实质上具有明显的经济主义倾向,它不可能对世界体系作出正确的解读。特别是在全球化、后工业化时代,世界体系论所反映出来的经济主义不仅不能正确地把握复杂的世界体系,反而会对打破世界中心—边缘结构的行动产生阻碍作用。
Wallerstein, the founder of the world system theory, claimed that his own methodology of world system theory was holistic, but in reality it was not the case. He actually analyzed the world system in the perspective of economicism. Wallerstein will understand that the “economic determinism” of the nation-state has simply been transplanted into the analysis of the world system and that the complex relations of the world system have been reduced to or interpreted as an economic relationship. In his opinion, economic factors are the decisive, primary and basic factors that enable the establishment and operation of the world system. The political and cultural factors play an auxiliary role in the world system or are merely the result of economic changes. In fact, Wallerstein’s system of world systems has obvious economicist tendencies and it is impossible to make a correct interpretation of the world system. Especially in the era of globalization and post-industrialization, the economicism reflected in the system of world systems can not only correctly grasp the complicated world system but can hinder the action of breaking the world center-periphery structure.