一、前言元素镓自1875年发现迄今,虽已有一百余年历史,但其大量应用却很晚。近代工业和科学技术的发展,在很多部门已找到了镓的新用途,特别是它被认为是继锗、硅之后最有发展前途的半导体材料,因而自六十年代后期以来,其年产量和消费量都正在逐年迅速增加。 First, the preface Element gallium since 1875 found so far, although there is a hundred years of history, but its large number of applications are late. In recent years, the development of industry and science and technology has found new uses of gallium in many sectors. In particular, it has been considered as the most promising semiconductor material after germanium and silicon. Since the late 1960s, its annual output and Consumption is rapidly increasing every year.