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目的了解分离自食物中毒事件的金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素的型别,并对肠毒素基因携带情况及菌株分子分型进行分析。方法对分离自某起食物中毒的12株金色葡萄球菌分离株进行生化鉴定,采用微孔板酶联免疫法(ELISA)、酶联荧光免疫法(ELFA)、聚合酶链反应(PCR)进行肠毒素型别和肠毒素基因检测,并应用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)法对菌株进行分子分型,应用Bio Numerics软件对不同来源的菌株进行比对,分析菌株之间的相关性。结果 12株来源于患者和食物样本的菌株经ELFA、ELISA法检测,结果均为阳性,其中1株来源于某患者呕吐物样本的菌株为肠毒素B型,其余11株来源于该患者的肛拭样本和其他样本的菌株均为肠毒素A型。肠毒素基因检测结果显示,除1株未能检出肠毒素基因外,1株检出肠毒素基因seb,10株检出肠毒素基因sea,其中8株同时检出肠毒素基因see。PFGE分型结果显示,11株菌为1型,1株菌为2型。结论金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素检测对明确引起食物中毒的原因十分重要,PFGE分型技术有助于食物中毒的溯源研究。
Objective To understand the type of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin isolated from food poisoning and analyze the enterotoxin gene carrier and strain molecular typing. Methods Twelve Staphylococcus aureus isolates isolated from some food poisoning were biochemically identified. The intestinal mucosa were isolated by ELISA, ELISA and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Toxin type and enterotoxin gene. The strains were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Bio Numerics software was used to compare the strains from different sources, and the correlation between the strains was analyzed. Results 12 strains of patients and food samples were positive by ELFA and ELISA. One strain was from a vomit sample of a patient with enterotoxin type B and the remaining 11 strains were from the anal Swab samples and other samples of the strains are enterotoxin type A. The results of enterotoxigenicity test showed that 1 strain could detect enterotoxin gene seb and 10 strains of enterotoxin gene sea, of which 8 strains could detect enterotoxin gene simultaneously. PFGE typing showed that 11 strains were type 1 and 1 was type 2. Conclusion The detection of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin is very important for clearly identifying the cause of food poisoning. PFGE typing is helpful to the traceability of food poisoning.