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神经干细胞移植替代治疗已经成为治疗中枢神经损伤的一个重要手段,但其细胞来源由于伦理学和免疫排斥等问题而受到了限制。既往研究认为,非神经细胞不能转变成神经细胞。但诱导型多潜能干细胞出现之后,研究发现,通过细胞基因重编程技术可以将鼠和人的自身体细胞诱导转分化为神经干细胞或各种类型的神经元,从而避免了细胞移植治疗中相关的伦理学问题和免疫排斥反应,表明细胞基因重编程在中枢神经损伤修复中具有很好的应用前景。本文对细胞基因重编程技术在诱导神经干细胞或神经元形成方面的相关研究进展及其在中枢神经损伤修复中的应用进行了综述。
Replacement therapy with neural stem cell transplantation has become an important tool for the treatment of central nervous system injury, but its source of cells is limited by ethical and immunological rejection. Previous studies suggest that non-neuronal cells can not be transformed into nerve cells. However, after the appearance of induced pluripotent stem cells, it has been found that the self-somatic cells of mice and humans can be induced to transdifferentiate into neural stem cells or various types of neurons by the gene reprogramming technology of the cells so as to avoid the related Ethical problems and immune rejection, indicating that cell gene reprogramming has a good application prospect in central nervous system injury repair. This review summarizes the progress of cell gene reprogramming in inducing the formation of neural stem cells or neurons and their application in the repair of central nervous system injury.