[作者简介]高尔基(1868—1936),原名阿列克塞·马克西莫维奇·彼什科夫,是前苏联大文学家,被革命导师列宁誉为“无产阶级最杰出的代表”。他出生于木工家庭,早年丧父,只上到小学三年级便辍学了。8岁开始独自谋生,做过学徒、码头工人、面包师等。业余时间勤奋读书。1892年开始发表文学作品,早期作品多描写俄国沙皇制度下人民的痛苦和他们对美好生活的憧憬,以抨击沙皇统治的黑暗,宣传革命思想。 [Author] Gorky (1868-1936), formerly known as Alexei Maximovich Pishkov, is a former Soviet writer and was hailed by Revolutionary Mentor Lenin as “the most outstanding representative of the proletariat.” ". He was born in a carpentry family. He lost his father in his early years and dropped out of school until the third grade. At the age of eight, he began to earn his living independently, as an apprentice, dock worker, baker, etc. Read diligently in your spare time. In 1892, he began to publish literary works. His early works described many of the people’s anguish under the Russian tsarism and their jealousy about the good life in order to attack the darkness of tsarism and propagate revolutionary ideas.