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T-2毒素是由多种真菌,主要是由三线镰刀菌产生的单端孢霉烯族毒素之一。它广泛分布于自然界,是较常见的污染谷物与粮食的主要毒素。该毒素对人和畜类的健康危害较大,国外曾经报道过因其中毒并导致成千上万人死亡的事件。七十年代初已分离并鉴定了这类毒素,其中尤以T-2毒素的毒性最大。该毒素在室温环境下非常稳定,且加温至200℃(1小时),其毒力不减弱。该化合物结构中的氧环和双键是其活性部位,将氧环打开或双键还原,均可使其失活。T-2毒素的结构式如图1。
T-2 toxins are one of the trichothecene toxins produced by a variety of fungi, mainly Fusarium. It is widely distributed in nature and is the more common major toxin that contaminates cereals and grains. The toxin has a greater health risk to humans and livestock, and foreign incidents of poisoning and the death of thousands of people have been reported abroad. These toxins have been isolated and identified in the early 1970s, with T-2 toxins being the most toxic. The toxin is very stable at room temperature and warming to 200 ° C (1 hour) does not attenuate its virulence. The oxygen ring and the double bond in the structure of the compound are active sites thereof, and can be inactivated by opening the oxygen ring or reducing the double bond. T-2 toxin structural formula shown in Figure 1.