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目的研究烧伤患者创面分泌物病原菌分布及其耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法采用细菌分离鉴定技术和药敏试验方法,对某医院280例患者烧伤创面分泌物病原菌进行检测与分析。结果280例患者烧伤创面分泌物中,检出病原菌者186例,检出率为66.43%。共培养出病原菌212株,革兰阴性菌占70.75%,革兰阳性菌占26.42%,真菌占2.83%。革兰阴性菌对常用抗菌药物均呈现不同程度耐药,仅对亚胺培南和美罗培南具有较高的敏感性;未检出革兰阳性菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺和替考拉宁耐药菌株。结论该医院烧伤创面感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,普遍产生耐药性,仅对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物敏感,提示应按照药敏试验结果选用抗菌药物,加强耐药监测,合理应用抗菌药物。
Objective To study the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in patients with burn wounds and to provide a reference for the rational use of antibacterials in clinical practice. Methods Bacterial isolation and identification techniques and susceptibility testing methods were used to detect and analyze the pathogens of burn wound secretions in 280 patients in a hospital. Results Among the 280 patients with burn wound exudates, 186 cases of pathogens were detected, the detection rate was 66.43%. A total of 212 pathogenic bacteria were co-cultured, accounting for 70.75% of Gram-negative bacteria, 26.42% of Gram-positive bacteria and 2.83% of fungi. Gram-negative bacteria showed different degrees of resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents, with high sensitivity only to imipenem and meropenem; Gram-positive bacteria were not detected for vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin Resistant strains. Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria in burn wounds in this hospital are mainly Gram-negative bacilli. They are generally drug-resistant and susceptible to carbapenem-based antibiotics, suggesting that antimicrobial agents should be selected according to drug susceptibility test results to enhance drug resistance monitoring and rational application Antibacterials.