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采用Argo数据和中西太平洋渔业委员会的大眼金枪鱼延绳钓数据,绘制了温跃层和月平均单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)的空间叠加图,分析中西太平洋大眼金枪鱼渔场时空分布对温跃层的响应关系.结果表明:全年中心渔场纬向主要分布在南北纬10°之间的低纬度区域.在赤道以南有季节性中心渔场的出现和消失,与温跃层上界温度、深度和温跃层厚度的积极性变化有关.中心渔场主要分布在温跃层上界较深(70~100 m)和厚度较大(>60 m)的海域,厚度小于40 m的区域难以形成中心渔场;适宜分布的上界温度区间在26~29℃,在此区间外CPUE多小于中心渔场阈值(Q3).中心渔场的空间分布随上界深度和跃层厚度的季节性变动而变动,当赤道以南海域的上界深度变浅以及厚度变薄时,中心渔场消失.温跃层下界温度、深度和温跃层强度季节性变化不显著,但与中心渔场出现有显著关系.中心渔场主要分布在温跃层下界深度两条高值带之间的区域,温度低于13℃以及强度大的区域;在温跃层下界深度超过300 m和小于150 m区域,下界温度超过17℃的区域,或者强度小的区域难以形成中心渔场.利用频次分析和经验累积分布函数计算其适宜温跃层特征参数分布,结果表明研究区域大眼金枪鱼适宜分布的上界温度、深度和下界温度、深度分别是26~29℃、70~110 m、11~13℃和200~280 m;适宜分布的温跃层厚度和强度分别是50~90 m和0.1~0.16℃·m~(-1).本研究初步得出研究区域大眼金枪鱼CPUE空间分布和温跃层的关系,为我国远洋金枪鱼捕捞作业和资源管理提供理论参考.
Using the Argo data and the Pacific Ocean Tuna longline data from the Western and Central Pacific Ocean Fisheries Commission, the spatial overlay of catch and effort (CPUE) of the thermocline and monthly average unit was plotted to analyze the spatio-temporal distribution of the bigeye tuna fisheries in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean And the thermocline response.The results show that the zonal distribution of the central fishing grounds is mainly in the low latitude region between latitude 10 ° north and south.The appearing and disappearing of the seasonal central fishery in the south of the equator is the same with the upper thermocline Temperature, depth and the change of the positive temperature of the thermocline.Central fisheries are mainly distributed in the seafloor where the upper bound of the thermocline is deeper (70 ~ 100 m) and the larger thickness (> 60 m), while the area with the thickness less than 40 m is difficult The upper bound of suitable distribution is in the range of 26 ~ 29 ℃, and the CPUE outside this interval is less than the central fishing ground threshold (Q3) .The spatial distribution of the central fishing ground fluctuates with the seasonal change of upper bound depth and thermocline thickness , When the depth of upper bound of the sea equator to the south of the equator becomes shallow and the thickness becomes thin, the central fishery disappears.The seasonal variation of temperature, depth and thermocline strength in the lower part of the thermocline is insignificant, but there is a significant relationship with the central fishery. fish The fields are mainly distributed in the region between two high value zones of the lower hypocath of the thermocline, where the temperature is lower than 13 ° C and the intensity is large. When the depth of the lower thermocline exceeds 300 m and less than 150 m, the lower temperature exceeds 17 ° C Or the area with low intensity is difficult to form a central fishery.Using frequency analysis and empirical cumulative distribution function to calculate the suitable parameters distribution of the thermocline, the results show that the upper bound temperature, depth and lower temperature of the suitable distribution of the big-tuna tuna in the study area, Depths of 26 ~ 29 ℃, 70 ~ 110 m, 11 ~ 13 ℃ and 200 ~ 280 m, respectively. The thickness and intensity of the suitable thermocline are 50 ~ 90 m and 0.1 ~ 0.16 ℃ · m ~ This study initially obtained the relationship between the CPUE spatial distribution and thermocline in the study area and provided a theoretical reference for our country’s tuna fishing operation and resource management.