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通过利用海南冬季干旱少雨气象条件下的田间试验,与在贵阳防雨棚内模拟干旱气象条件的盆栽试验相结合,研究干旱条件对不同基因型自交系生长发育、形态、产量的影响及其生理生化响应。结果表明,干旱条件下玉米自交系的生物产量和籽粒产量均明显降低,散粉至吐丝期间隔增加,光合叶面积减小,株高和穗位高降低,茎秆变细,穗短小,秃尖多,穗粒数少,粒重减轻,最终导致产量下降。生理生化上也有较大变化,相对含水量降低,离体叶片保水力增强,电导率和MDA含量增加,POD酶活性升高,叶绿素含量减少,光合能力下降。不同基因型自交系因抗旱性的差异,对干旱气象条件的响应明显不同,其抗旱性强弱与干旱条件下的性状表现有较大关系,其中S 11、18599、交51和S 7913等的抗旱表现较好,而5311、1125、79-1 E和411等则表现较差。
By using the field experiment of drought and rainy weather in Hainan Province and the pot experiment of simulating arid meteorological conditions in the rain-shelter of Guiyang, the effects of drought conditions on the growth, morphology and yield of different genotypes inbred lines Physiological and biochemical responses. The results showed that the biomass and grain yield of maize inbred lines decreased significantly under drought conditions, increased from loose powder to silking stage, reduced photosynthetic leaf area, decreased plant height and ear height, decreased stem diameter, short spike, Bald tip more spikelets less grain weight, eventually leading to decline in production. Physiological and biochemical changes were also observed. The relative water content decreased, the water retention capacity of detached leaves increased, the conductivity and MDA content increased, POD activity increased, chlorophyll content decreased and photosynthetic capacity decreased. The response of different genotype inbred lines to drought meteorological conditions was significantly different due to the difference of drought resistance. The drought resistance and drought resistance of the different genotype inbred lines had a significant relationship with the traits in drought conditions, among which S 11,18599, 51 and S 7913 Drought resistance performance is better, while the 5311,1125,79-1 E and 411, etc. performed poorly.