近年,以品种改良、提高鱼类产量为目的,在日本、美国、英国、匈牙利、挪威等许多国家对鲤鱼、香鱼、鲽鱼、罗非鱼等多种鱼类进行了染色体组工程的研究。我国在这方面也做了大量的工作。一、人工诱导鱼类三倍体的原理行两性生殖的二倍体鱼类,大多数为体外受精。排出体外的卵,已发育到第二次减数分裂的中期,精子进入以后,继续发育放出第二极体,完成第二次减数分裂。此受精卵含有来自父本的一套染色体组和来自母本的一套染色体组,可以发育成正常的二倍 In recent years, in order to improve breeds and increase fish production, genome studies of many species of fish such as carp, ayu, mandarin fish and tilapia have been conducted in Japan, the United States, Britain, Hungary, Norway and many other countries . My country has also done a great deal of work in this area. First, the principle of artificial induction of fish triploid Amphiploid reproductive diploid fish, most of them in vitro fertilization. Egg excreted, has developed to the second meiotic metaphase, sperm into the future to continue the development of the second polar body to complete the second meiosis. The zygote contains a set of chromosomes from the male parent and a set of chromosomes from the female parent that can develop normally twice