我国当前经济下行压力主要来自实体经济发展乏力,且面临较大困难。缺资金、缺技术、缺人才、缺市场、缺效益、缺竞争力,使当前实体经济发展举步维艰。以制造企业为例,当前我国传统制造企业面临三个主要挑战。其一,产品技术含量不高,缺乏自主品牌,制造企业竞争力的基因不强。我国的制造业,大多是五十年代初和改革开放后引进国外技术建立起来的,当时引进成套技术设备,似乎 The downward pressure on China’s current economy mainly comes from the sluggish real economy and the difficulties it faces. Lack of capital, lack of technology, lack of talent, lack of market, lack of effectiveness, lack of competitiveness, the current real economy difficult to make development. Take manufacturing enterprises as an example. At present, China’s traditional manufacturing enterprises are facing three major challenges. First, the technical content of products is not high, the lack of independent brands, manufacturing genes are not competitive. Most of the manufacturing industries in our country were established in the early 1950s and the introduction of foreign technology after the reform and opening up. At that time, the introduction of complete sets of technical equipment seemed