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近几十年来,我国经济迅猛增长。然而,随着环境问题愈发严重,以及近年来中国经济增长脚步的放缓,资源环境与经济的协调发展成为本世纪的关键问题。实现经济的可持续增长,要求我国不断完善环境规制机制,加速经济增长方式由粗放型、环境忽略型向集约型、环境友好型转变。为了探究我国环境规制对经济转型的影响并为今后环境规制政策的设计提供依据,本文将环境全要素生产率增长在经济增长中的贡献率作为反映经济增长方式的指标,使用方向性环境距离函数和序列Malmquist-Luenberger指数测算。以二氧化硫浓度达标率、废水排放达标率、烟尘排放达标率和固体废弃物综合利用率作为反映环境规制强度的四个单项指标,用熵值法折算出综合指标。利用我国30个省份2004-2013年的面板数据,对环境规制对经济增长方式的影响进行了实证分析。结果显示,随着市场化水平的提高,环境规制对经济增长方式转变有愈发显著的积极作用。最后本文根据结论提出了政策建议。
In recent decades, China’s economy has been growing rapidly. However, with the worsening environmental problems and the slowdown in China’s economic growth in recent years, the coordinated development of resources, environment and economy has become a key issue for this century. To achieve sustainable economic growth requires China to constantly improve the environmental regulatory mechanism and speed up the transformation of its economic growth mode from extensive to environmentally neglected to intensive and environment-friendly. In order to explore the impact of environmental regulation on economic restructuring in our country and provide the basis for the future design of environmental regulation policy, this paper uses the contribution rate of environmental total factor productivity growth in economic growth as an indicator of economic growth mode. Using directional environmental distance function and Sequence Malmquist-Luenberger Index Calculation. Taking sulfur dioxide concentration compliance rate, wastewater discharge compliance rate, soot discharge compliance rate and comprehensive utilization rate of solid waste as four single indicators reflecting the strength of environmental regulation, the comprehensive index is calculated by entropy method. Using panel data from 2004 to 2013 in 30 provinces in China, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of environmental regulation on economic growth. The results show that with the improvement of marketization level, environmental regulation plays a more and more significant positive role in the transformation of economic growth mode. In the end, this paper puts forward the policy suggestion according to the conclusion.