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美联邦和大多数州与地区对身份盗窃进行了专门规制。这些规制可分为两种类型,一种将身份盗窃视为类罪,可囊括身份盗窃案件的全过程,另一种则将身份盗窃视为具体罪名,与身份盗窃的其他阶段行为并列。于此相对地,我国刑法目前并没有对身份盗窃行为进行专门规制,对其预备行为和后续行为的规制也存在严重不足。在分析综合美国两种身份盗窃刑法规制模式特点的基础上,我国刑法可进一步增设相应罪名完善相关规制。
The United States and most states and territories specifically regulate identity theft. These regulations can be divided into two types, one that treats identity theft as a class offense, encompassing the entire process of identity theft, and the other treating identity theft as a specific offense, tied to other stages of identity theft. In contrast, our country’s criminal law does not currently regulate the identity theft, and there is a serious shortage of regulation of its preparatory behavior and follow-up behavior. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics of the two criminal patterns of identity theft in the United States, the Criminal Law of China can further increase the corresponding charges to improve the relevant regulations.