呼吸机相关肺炎(ventilator associated pneumonia,VAP)指原无肺部感染的呼吸衰竭患者,在气管切开或气管插管行机械通气治疗48 h以后或拔管48 h以内的肺部感染。国外研究表明,在重症监护(ICU)病房,VAP发生率达9%～27%,死亡率高达20%～50%,在抗生素治疗不当的病例及多重耐药菌感染的病例其死亡率可达70%。国内报道的VAP发病率可达7%～70%,病死率高达50%。我院2009年1月至2011年6月ICU病房机械通气48 h以上的患者75例,其中符合VAP诊 Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) refers to pulmonary infection in patients with respiratory failure without pulmonary infection after tracheotomy or endotracheal intubation for 48 h or within 48 h after mechanical ventilation. Foreign studies have shown that in intensive care unit (ICU) ward, VAP incidence rate of 9% to 27%, the mortality rate as high as 20% to 50%, in cases of inappropriate antibiotic treatment and multiple drug-resistant bacterial infections of up to the mortality rate 70%. The incidence of VAP reported in China up to 7% to 70%, fatality rate as high as 50%. Our hospital from January 2009 to June 2011 ICU ward mechanical ventilation more than 48 h in patients with 75 cases, which meet the VAP diagnosis