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建议根据焊接接头中应力三维分布的多方案计算比较分析的结果来选择国产机车和铁路车辆转向架焊接托架的合理结构。首先借助于有限元法来研究转向架所有构架全面的应力状况。接着借助界面元方法,详细研究焊接托架上三维应力分布,并考虑几何应力集中的因素和可能的焊接缺陷的因素。本文还列举了使用该方法改进电力机车转向架构架轴箱拨杆焊接托架的例子。
It is suggested that the reasonable structure of welded bogies of domestic locomotives and railway bogies should be selected according to the results of comparative analysis based on the three-dimensional stress distribution in welded joints. First of all, with the help of finite element method to study all the bogie frame all stress conditions. Then, with the aid of the interface element method, the three-dimensional stress distribution on the welding bracket is studied in detail, and the factors of geometric stress concentration and possible welding defects are considered. This article also lists examples of using this method to improve the welding brackets for the axle bolsters of electric locomotive bogie frames.