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为了满足战术信息传输的需要,美国等北约国家于20世纪50年代开始研制和装备“战术数字信息链路” (TADIL),简称数据链。数据链是一种按规定的消息格式和通信协议实时传输格式化数字信息的战术信息系统。在美军近几场局部战争、尤其是伊拉克战争中,数据链发挥了重要作用,已成为三军联合作战中进行实时或近实时指挥控制、战场态势信息分发的主要手段。数据链的分类主要依据的是其应用目的,从逻辑上讲不是很严格。例如,用于各军兵种多种平台之间交换不同类型信息、满足多样化任务需求的数据链一般称为通用数据链,包括 Link 11、Link 16等；专门为某个军种或某种武器系统 (如防空导弹)完成特定作战任务而设计、功能与信息交换形式较为单一的数
In order to meet the needs of tactical information transmission, the United States and other NATO countries began to develop and equip the TADIL (Data Link in Tactics) in the 1950s. The data link is a tactical information system that transmits formatted digital information in real time according to the specified message format and communication protocol. In recent months of the U.S. military’s partial wars, especially in the war in Iraq, the data link has played an important role and has become the main means of conducting command and control of real-time or near real-time command and control and distribution of battlefield situation information in the joint operations of the three armed forces. The classification of the data link is mainly based on the purpose of its application, from the logic is not very strict. For example, data links used for exchanging different types of information among various services and platforms to meet diversified mission requirements are commonly referred to as common data links, including Link 11, Link 16, etc .; specifically designed for a service or some weapon system (Such as anti-aircraft missiles) to complete a specific operational mission design, function and information exchange form a single number