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木材由于纤维素中有结晶结构存在,因此可能具有压电效应。木材的压电效应与木材的结构及其力学、电学性质有着密切的关系。研究木材压电效应,对进一步了解木材内部构造、探索测定木材物理性质的新方法具有指导意义,已引起人们广泛注意。本文叙述了用正压电效应的方法,观察木材样品的压电现象;用逆压电效应,测定了马尾松等五种样品的压电常数d_(14)、d_(25)。 原理 压电效应涉及到物质的力学、电学性质之间的相互影响,它们之间的关系可用压电方程表示:
Wood may have a piezoelectric effect due to the crystalline structure in cellulose. The piezoelectric effect of wood and wood structure and mechanical, electrical properties are closely related. Studying the piezoelectric effect of wood is of guiding significance for further understanding of the internal structure of wood and exploring new methods for measuring the physical properties of wood, which has drawn extensive attention. In this paper, the piezoelectric phenomenon of wood samples is observed by using the method of positive piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric constants d_ (14) and d_ (25) of five samples such as masson pine are measured by inverse piezoelectric effect. Principle Piezoelectric effect involves the mechanical, electrical properties of the mutual influence, the relationship between them can be expressed by the piezoelectric equation: