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砂是大陆架上最主要的一种沉积物类型,按其形成时间有现代砂和残留砂之分.按作用的营力,可分为河流砂、波浪砂、风成砂和浊流砂等.不同成因的砂具有不同的特点,并组成相应的不同地貌形态.由于一定的沉积物是一定沉积环境的产物,所以,研究不同类型砂的分布形态、粒度、矿物、化学成分及沉积构造等特征,可以了解其形成时的沉积环境,这是目前迅速发展的石油地质的迫切需要,也是沉积动力学、动力地貌学和岩相古地理研究的重要内容.其沉积物的粒度特征是作用营力的性质和强度的良好指示.对上述各种成因砂的粒度特征,沉积学家已作了大量的研究,这里涉及的是另一种外营力——潮流形成的潮流砂的粒度特征及其相应的地貌形态.
Sand is the most important type of sediment on the continental shelf, according to the time of formation of modern sand and residual sand divided by the role of the camp power, can be divided into river sand, wave sand, wind sand and turbidity sand, etc. Different The reason why the sand has different characteristics and forms the corresponding different topography morphology.Because a certain sediment is the product of a certain sedimentary environment, so study the distribution shape, grain size, mineral, chemical composition and sedimentary structure of different types of sand characteristics, Can understand the sedimentary environment during its formation, which is an urgent need of petroleum geology that is developing rapidly and also an important content of sedimentary kinetics, dynamic geomorphology and lithofacies palaeogeography.The sediment grain size is characterized by the function of Nature and strength of the various indications of sediment types.A large number of studies have been made by sedimentologists on the grain size characteristics of the various types of facies belonged to above, The topography.