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侗语和苗语属于汉藏语系的不同语族,他们的分离至少在万年以上。但历史上民族间的交往很早并且密切,在今天的居住分布上,两个民族不仅形成相互杂居的局面,有的地方同一个村寨就居住着两个民族。明清以来,黔东南地区清水江流域苗族变侗族,侗族变苗族的情况时有发生。文化上的长期接触和语言上相互学习,相互之间都产生了深远的影响。从共时的角度对侗语和苗语中部方言的语音进行比较,探讨侗语与苗语的多重关系。
Dong language and Miao language belong to different ethnic groups in the Sino-Tibetan language family, their separation is at least ten thousand years or more. However, ethnic exchanges have historically been very early and close. In today’s residential distribution, the two ethnic groups not only form a mixed state with each other, but in some places the same ethnic group resides in two ethnic groups. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Miao people in the Qingshui River basin in the southeast Guizhou Province have changed the Dong and Dong peoples to become Miao people. Long-term cultural contacts and language learning each other have had a profound impact on each other. From the synchronic perspective, we compared the dialects of Dong and Miao dialects, and discussed the multiple relationship between Dong language and Miao language.