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本文介绍了有关第二代航天飞机轨道机动系统和反作用控制系统采用的液氧/烃类辅助推进系统各方案评定研究工作的全过程。麦克唐纳·道格拉斯航宇公司根据与航宇局约翰逊空间中心签订的合同(NAS 9-16305),正在进行这方面评定工作。航空喷气液体火箭公司正根据与麦克唐纳·道格拉斯航宇公司签订的分合同制定发动机系统数据。评定工作1981年1月开始,预计1982年7月完成。乔伊斯·塞里勒-格鲁希是航宇局执行该项工作的负责人。整个研究过程包括对各种候选的液氧/烃类推进系统方案加以比较并评定出主系统及部件的设计方案。研究工作分两个阶段进行。第一阶段为系统的初步评定;第二阶段为系统的详细评定。第一阶段评定范围广泛,该阶段主要评定一大批候选的系统方案和推进剂组合方案,以便为以后详细评定确定出一些价值高的方案。第二阶段评定愈加详细,以便更有把握地确定保留下来几个方案的优缺点,并且确定需要今后作出先进技术努力的几个主要领域。根据至今的研究努力,人们认为泵压输送的液氧/酒精轨道机动系统和反作用控制系统是最有发展前途的推进系统。液氧/酒精推进剂组合燃烧彻底(不产生碳化),并且在所考虑的推进剂中,它所提供的速度增量和总冲量最大。
This paper presents the whole process of research on various schemes of the liquid oxygen / hydrocarbon auxiliary propulsion system adopted by the orbital maneuvering system and the reaction control system of the second generation space shuttle. McDonnell Douglas Aerospace is conducting its assessment work in this area under a contract with NASA’s Johnson Space Center (NAS 9-16305). Air Jet Liquid Rocket Company is developing engine system data based on sub-contracts with McDonnell Douglas Aerospace. Assessment work began in January 1981 and is expected to be completed in July 1982. Joyce Serrillet-Glush is the head of NASA’s implementation of the work. The entire research process involved the comparison of various candidate liquid oxygen / hydrocarbon propulsion system solutions and the design of the main system and components. Research work in two phases. The first stage is the initial assessment of the system; the second stage is the detailed assessment of the system. The first phase was assessed on a wide range of topics, mainly evaluating a large number of candidate system and propellant combinations to identify high-value options for later detailed assessments. The second phase of the assessment has become more detailed in order to determine with greater certainty the advantages and disadvantages of the remaining options and to identify several major areas that require advanced technical efforts in the future. According to the research efforts to date, it is thought that the pumped liquid oxygen / alcohol rail mobility system and the reaction control system are the most promising propulsion systems. The liquid oxygen / alcohol propellant combination burns thoroughly (without carbonization) and provides the largest amount of velocity and total impulse in the propellant under consideration.