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剑桥方程式是指明经济增长率等于平均利润率与利润积累率乘积的一个等式,马克思两大部类社会再生产的平衡增长状态满足剑桥方程式。这对于研究平均利润率理论提供了新的启示:平均利润率与经济增长的状态有关。应用剑桥方程式,可以获得具有理论意义的社会再生产最优平衡增长的平均利润率与积累率。在第Ⅰ部类利润率高于、低于第Ⅱ部类条件下,最优平衡增长的平均利润率分别是动态的最高、最低平均利润率。借助马克思《资本论》中的一个举例,计算验证了社会再生产最优平衡增长的平均利润率与利润积累率。
The Cambridge equation is an equation that states that the rate of economic growth is equal to the product of the average rate of profit and the rate of profit accumulation. The balanced growth of Marx’s two major social reproductions meets the Cambridge equation. This provides a new insight into the theory of average profitability: the average profitability is related to the state of economic growth. Using the Cambridge equation, we can obtain the average profit rate and accumulation rate of the optimal balanced growth of social reproduction with theoretical significance. Under the condition that the profit rate of category I is higher than and lower than that of category II, the average profit rate of the optimal equilibrium growth is the highest dynamic profit rate and the lowest average profit rate, respectively. With an example from Marx’s “Capitalism”, the calculation shows that the average profit rate and profit accumulation rate of the optimal balanced growth of social reproduction.