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以某国产SUV车架为研究对象,建立车架的有限元模型,运用OptiStruct对车架进行弯曲、扭转刚度和模态分析,并进行模态试验,验证模型的有效性。利用正交试验法确定材料轻量化部件,并将这些部件的钢材料替换成镁合金,得到钢-镁车架。针对钢-镁车架刚度和模态性能的减弱问题,采用拓扑-形貌组合优化方法对部件进行优化设计,提高了车架的刚度和模态性能。设计结果表明,使用镁合金结合拓扑-形貌优化方法,设计的钢-镁车架相比原车架在质量减轻19.0kg的同时,刚度和模态性能得到一定的保证。
Taking a domestic SUV frame as the research object, the finite element model of the frame was established. The bending, torsional stiffness and modal analysis of the frame were carried out with OptiStruct. The modal tests were carried out to verify the validity of the model. Orthogonal test method to determine the material lightweight components, and parts of these steel materials replaced by magnesium alloy, to obtain steel - magnesium frame. In order to reduce the stiffness and modal performance of the steel-magnesium frame, the topology-topography optimization method is used to optimize the design of the components, which improves the stiffness and modal performance of the frame. The design results show that the stiffness and modal performance of the steel-magnesium frame designed by using the magnesium alloy combined with topology-morphology optimization method are lower than that of the original frame by 19.0kg.