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过敏反应为抗菌素应用中尚待研究解决的一个问题。如何正确认识、减少或避免过敏反应的产生不但应为医师所掌握,也应为护理人员所了解。这方面的问题很多,兹简要讨论如下。一、过敏反应的机制:人体有各种自我保护机制,免疫反应即为其一。人体受到细菌、病毒或毒素侵犯后,经过一定时期,体内即有可能产生特异性抗体。此种细菌、病毒或毒素即称为抗原。重复接触时,特异性抗体即可将该细菌、病毒或毒素消灭掉而避免发生疾病,这种抗原抗体互相作用所产生的免疫反应为人体正常抗御感染的重要手段。有的药物,特别是含有蛋白质或多醣体的药物也可能起到抗原的作用,对人体也可能引起免疫反应。免疫反应不是全都对人体无害的。抗原抗体相结合有时不但不起保护作用,反而产生各式各样程度不
Anaphylaxis is a problem to be solved in the application of antibiotics. How to correctly understand, reduce or avoid the occurrence of allergic reactions should not only be mastered by the physician, but also should be known to nurses. There are a lot of problems in this respect. We will briefly discuss the following. First, the mechanism of allergic reactions: the body has a variety of self-protection mechanism, the immune response is one. After the human body is contaminated by bacteria, viruses or toxins, after a certain period of time, the body may produce specific antibodies. Such bacteria, viruses or toxins are called antigens. Repeated contact, the specific antibodies can eliminate the bacteria, viruses or toxins to avoid disease, the antigen-antibody interaction produced by the immune response for the normal human body an important means of fighting infection. Some drugs, especially those containing protein or polysaccharide drugs may also play the role of antigens, the human body may also cause an immune response. Not all immune reactions are harmless to the human body. Antigen and antibody combination sometimes not only can not afford to protect, but produce a wide range of different levels