对于大型灌区来说,其最终目标是以最少的国家财政支出,通过改善服务水平来不断提高农业耕作的收益率。但是,大型灌区内部的官僚体制和配水系统的不灵活性使其很难按照市场的变化和利润优势进行快速反应。因此,必须通过综合系统的现代化,即通过将现有的体制结构和灌溉配水系统进行变革,使其按照需水要求提供可持续的、高效的配水服务来进一步提高收益率。这种按照需水要求提供配水服务的体制变革主要包括削弱政府在管理和财政上的作用、进行权利分散、提高部门责任感以及经济自立。通过提高用水效率来减少支出,扩大收入。用水户协会的成立已经证明其在现代化改造和用水户参与方面是行之有效的,因此,应将其包括在决策制定过程中的各个环节。同时鼓励扩大水委员会或用水户联合会。在时机成熟时转让灌溉管理权,且灌溉管理权的转让应提前做好规划,按照中长期进程加以实施。同时还可以鼓励和开展公私合作伙伴(PPP)。建立PPP的主要目的就是成立“第三专业机构”来改善管理,加强合作。 For large-scale irrigation districts, the ultimate goal is to constantly raise the yield of agricultural cultivation through improving the service level with the least state fiscal expenditure. However, the bureaucratic and distributional inflexibility within large irrigation districts made it difficult to respond quickly to market changes and profit margins. Therefore, the rate of return must be further enhanced through the modernization of the integrated system by transforming the existing institutional structures and irrigation distribution systems so that they provide sustainable and efficient water distribution services according to water demand. Such institutional changes in providing water distribution services according to water demand requirements mainly include weakening the government’s management and financial role, decentralization of powers, enhancing departmental accountability and economic self-reliance. Reduce expenditures and increase revenues by increasing water use efficiency. The establishment of WUAs has proven to be effective in modernizing and engaging water users and should therefore be included in all aspects of decision-making. Encourage the expansion of water committees or WUAs. When the time is right to transfer irrigation management rights, and the transfer of irrigation management should be well planned in advance, in accordance with the medium and long-term process to be implemented. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) can also be encouraged and pursued. The main purpose of establishing PPP is to set up a “third specialized agency” to improve management and strengthen cooperation.