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原油和生油岩中沥青的高精度气相色谱(GC)和气相色谱—质谱(GC-MS)分析能为勘探工作提供廉价的有用资料。由GC和GC-MS所检测到的最有特征的化合物是从活的有机体的化学成分中衍化出来的稍有变化的高分子有机物,其统一称之为生物标志(物)。一些常规分析获得的生物标志的碳结构示于图1。在GC和MS色谱上观察到的生物标志的分布一般称作指纹。本文讨论了生物标志提供的各种信息及其在勘探和开发中的用途。原油对比和原油—生油岩对比
High-precision gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of bitumen in crude oil and raw oil rock can provide cheap and useful information for exploration. The most characteristic compounds detected by GC and GC-MS are slightly altered macromolecular organisms derived from the chemical composition of living organisms, collectively referred to as biomarkers. The carbon structure of some of the biomarkers obtained by routine analysis is shown in Figure 1. The distribution of biomarkers observed on GC and MS chromatographs is commonly referred to as fingerprinting. This article discusses the variety of information provided by biomarkers and their use in exploration and development. Comparison of crude oil and crude oil - source rock contrast