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Pd catalysts suffered from poor selectivity and stability for liquid-phase hydrogenation of maleic anhydride(MA) to gamma-butyrolactone(GBL).Thus,Pd/C catalysts modified with different Sn loadings were synthesized,and characterized by XRD,XPS,TEM and elemental mapping.The types of alloy phase and the amounts of the surface Pd-SnOx sites altered along with Sn/Pd mass ratios from 0-1.0synthesized in the process of preparation.The maximum reaction rate was 0.57 mol-GBL/(mol-Pd min)and selectivity was 95.94%when the Sn/Pd mass ratio was 0.6.It might be attributed to the formation of Pd_2Sn alloy and less amounts of Pd-SnOx sites.
Pd catalysts suffered from poor selectivity and stability for liquid-phase hydrogenation of maleic anhydride (MA) to gamma-butyrolactone (GBL). Thus, Pd / C catalysts modified with different Sn loadings were synthesized, and characterized by XRD, XPS, TEM and elemental mapping. These types of alloy phase and the amounts of the surface Pd-SnOx sites altered along with Sn / Pd mass ratios from 0-1.0synthesized in the process of preparation. The maximum reaction rate was 0.57 mol-GBL / (mol- Pd min) and the selectivity was 95.94% when the Sn / Pd mass ratio was 0.6. At might be attributed to the formation of Pd_2Sn alloy and less amounts of Pd-SnOx sites.