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目的研究丙型肝炎病人的系列血清中HCV 5′-NCR及核心区基因变化。方法 4例因献血感染HCV病人的系列血标本, 用特异性引物扩增5′-NCR和核心区基因并进行测序。结果所有HCV分离株基因序列均为1b和2a型，5′-NCR序列差异只与型别有关，与病人和不同时点采集的标本无关。核心区基因序列差异因病人和基因型别而异，未发现同一病人的同一基因型序列随时间而变化。结论 5′-NCR序列保守性大于核心区。型别是导致基因变化的主要原因。未发现该2区段基因的核苷酸改变与时间有关。“,”Objective To study the variation of HCV 5′-NCR and core gene in serial sera collected from patients with HCV infection. Methods Serial sera were collected from 4 plasma-donors with HCV infection. 5′-NCR and core gene were amplified, sequenced and analyzed using software. Results All the sequences obtained from the serial sera of patients with HCV infection were 1b and 2a subtypes. The variation of 5′-NCR only related to the genotype, and not associated with patients and time of serum collection. However, the sequences of core gene were not identical in HCV strains isolated from different patients. The sequences of those two regions of the same genotype isolated from the same patient did not change with time. Conclusion 5′-NCR is more conserved than the core region and the genotype is the major cause of gene variation. No change in sequences of those two regions is found at the different points of time.