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目的分析贵州省2004年Ⅰ型循环的疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)病毒(cVDPVs)的基因特征,阐述cVDPVs的出现为全球消灭脊灰带来的挑战。方法2004年中国疾病预防控制中心(CDC)病毒病预防控制所国家脊灰实验室对各个省送检的每1个脊灰病毒分离株进行聚合酶链反应-限制性酶切片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)两种方法的型内鉴定。毒株型内鉴别显示异常时,则对该株病毒进行VP1编码区全基因的序列测定和分析。结果2004年从贵州省CDC送检的脊灰病毒株(或粪便标本的复核)中,共发现9株Ⅰ型疫苗衍生脊灰病毒(VDPVs)。这9株VDPVs从2例急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例和4名接触者的粪便标本中分离到。其中8株分离于贞丰县挽兰乡的2例AFP病例和3名接触者,另外1株分离于贞丰县白层镇的1名AFP病例接触者。结论对9株cVDPVs的VP1编码区的序列测定和分析证实,它们有相似的核苷酸序列,共享5个核苷酸突变位点,说明VDPVs已发生了循环。cVDPVs很可能来源于2003年秋季的1次口服脊灰减毒活疫苗病毒的传播。对其中5株VDPVs的3D区和1株VDPV(8229-2)的全序列测定和分析,未发现脊灰病毒血清型之间的重组,也未发现与非脊灰肠道病毒的重组。
Objective To analyze the genetic characteristics of type I circulating vaccine - derived poliovirus (poliovirus) in 2004 in Guizhou Province and to clarify that the emergence of cVDPVs posed a challenge to eradicate polio. Methods In 2004, the National Poliomyelitis Laboratory of the CDC’s Virus Disease Prevention and Control Center carried out polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for every poliovirus isolates in each province. Analysis (PCR-RFLP) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) two methods of in-type identification. When the strain type showed abnormality, the whole virus of VP1 coding region was sequenced and analyzed. Results Nine strains of poliovirus type 1 (VDPVs) were found in the poliovirus strains (or in the review of stool samples) that were collected from CDC in Guizhou Province in 2004. The nine VDPVs were isolated from stool specimens from two acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases and four contacts. Eight of them were isolated from two AFP cases and three contacts in Guolan County, Zhenfeng County, another one was isolated from AFP cases in Bailian Town of Zhenfeng County. Conclusion The sequencing and analysis of the VP1 coding regions of 9 strains of cVDPVs confirmed that they share similar nucleotide sequences and share 5 nucleotide mutation sites, indicating that circulating VDPVs has occurred. It is likely that cVDPVs originated from the transmission of 1 live attenuated live oral vaccine of oral poliovirus in the autumn of 2003. The full-length sequencing and analysis of 5 VDPVs 3D regions and 1 VDPV (8229-2) revealed no recombination between poliovirus serotypes and no recombination with non-poliovirus.