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从种群遗传学和生态学两个不同角度分析了松材线虫成功入侵的机制.种群遗传多样性研究表明,松材线虫入侵过程中,无明显的奠基者效应和由遗传漂变引起的种群遗传瓶颈.由于不同入侵来源的种群多次大量入侵,导致我国入侵种群具有丰富的遗传多样性.入侵过程中保持有高的种群遗传多样性,是松材线虫成功入侵的遗传学机制之一.种间竞争实验结果表明,松材线虫具有高的繁殖潜能和强的竞争能力,在入侵过程中能对本地近缘种产生种间竞争和生态替代.竞争性替代是松材线虫成功入侵的生态学机制之一.种间杂交和基因渗入,有利于松材线虫的入侵.同时,从功能基因组的角度,研究了与松材线虫适应性相关的一些重要基因的结构、功能及其进化,探讨松材线虫成功入侵的生态适应性分子机制.并从生态系统的抵御性和恢复性角度,探讨了生态系统对松材线虫入侵和扩散的影响.此外,对尚需继续深入研究的科学问题进行了讨论.研究结果为进一步揭示松材线虫成功入侵机理的研究奠定了基础,并为松材线虫病的有效管理和控制提供了科学依据.
The mechanism of the successful invasion of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus was analyzed from two different perspectives of population genetics and ecology.Studies on genetic diversity showed that there was no obvious foundership effect and population genetic Bottleneck.As a result of large numbers of invasions from different invasion sources, the genetic diversity of China’s invasive populations is very high, which is one of the genetic mechanisms for the successful invasion of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus The results of inter-competition experiment showed that Bursaphelenchus xylophilus had high reproductive potential and strong competition ability, which could produce interspecific competition and ecological replacement for the local relatives during the invasion process.Competitive substitution was the ecology of the succession of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Mechanism of interspecific hybridization and introgression is conducive to the invasion of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.Furthermore, from the perspective of functional genomics, the structure, function and evolution of some important genes related to the adaptability of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus were studied, In this paper, from the angle of resilience and recovery of ecosystems, the effects of ecosystem on the growth of pine wood nematode In addition, the scientific issues that need to be further studied are discussed.The results of the study laid the foundation for further revealing the research on the mechanism of the succession of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and provide the effective management and control of the pine wilt disease The scientific basis.