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目的探讨糖尿病(DM)和性别对急性心肌梗死(AMI)并行PCI病人临床特点及预后的影响。方法分析我院入住的629例AMI并行PCI术病人,收集年龄、左室射血分数(LVEF)、高危因素、1年随访情况进行比较分析,对影响病人PCI术后心绞痛发生的因素加以分析。结果女性DM病人比例为38.5%,男性DM病人比例为40.4%,差异无统计学意义。所有AMI病人中,男性吸烟人数(71%)比女性(14.6%)高(P<0.01)。发病年龄、LVEF在糖尿病、性别间有统计学意义,但在性别与糖尿病的交互作用间无统计学意义。变量DM使心绞痛再发生率增加,改变有统计意义(χ2=16.479,P<0.05),而性别对心绞痛发生率的影响无统计学意义,“DM”的系数为1.047,OR为2.849,有统计学意义(P<0.05),即DM心肌梗死病人PCI后心绞痛发生危险是非DM者的2.849倍。结论 AMI病人中糖尿病者发病年龄、LVEF较非糖尿病者低,女性发病年龄较男性高,但LVEF较男性低。AMI病人PCI术后心绞痛发生率糖尿病者比非糖尿病者高。
Objective To investigate the effects of diabetes (DM) and gender on the clinical features and prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) concurrent PCI. Methods A total of 629 AMI patients undergoing PCI were enrolled in this study. The age, LVEF, risk factors and follow-up of 1-year follow-up were analyzed comparatively to analyze the influencing factors of angina pectoris after PCI. Results The proportion of female DM patients was 38.5%, male DM patients was 40.4%, the difference was not statistically significant. Among all AMI patients, smoking was higher in men than in women (71%) (14.6%) (P <0.01). Age at onset, LVEF in diabetes, gender was statistically significant, but there was no statistical significance in the interaction between gender and diabetes. The variable DM increased the recurrence rate of angina pectoris (χ2 = 16.479, P <0.05), while the gender had no significant effect on the incidence of angina pectoris. The coefficient of “DM” was 1.047, OR was 2.849, (P <0.05), that is to say, the risk of angina pectoris in patients with DM myocardial infarction was 2.849 times higher than those in non-DM patients. Conclusion The onset age of diabetic patients in AMI patients is lower than that in non-diabetic patients. The onset age of women is higher than that of men, but the LVEF is lower than that of men. The incidence of angina pectoris in patients with AMI is higher in patients with diabetes than in those without diabetes.