丙型肝炎病毒是经血源传播的一类肝炎病毒,其基因组为单股正链RNA,全长约为9.5kb,结构组成与黄热病毒和瘟病毒相似,它的5非编码区相对较长,一般为324-341个碱基。内含有数个小的开放阅读框。不同分离株在此区的同源性可高达98％,其一级结构高度保守,并可形成特定的二级结构,在病毒基因的表达和复制中起重要的调节作用。 Hepatitis C virus is a type of hepatitis virus transmitted by blood and its genome is a single-stranded positive-strand RNA with a total length of about 9.5kb. Its structure is similar to yellow fever virus and pestiviruses, and its 5 non-coding region is relatively long , Usually 324-341 base. Contains several small open reading frames. The homology of different isolates in this region can be as high as 98%. Its primary structure is highly conserved and can form specific secondary structure, which plays an important regulatory role in the expression and replication of viral genes.