伤寒仍然是世界上广泛流行的疾病,在亚洲及非洲一些国家,住院病例的病死率仍高达12～(?)2%。此外关于其发病机理、诊断、治疗及预防上仍然存在一些问题,现将国外研究的若干进展简要综述如下。发病机理全身中毒症状。重症伤寒患者可以出现严重中毒症状,如高热、休克、谵妄、木僵、昏迷等循环和中枢神经系统症状。产生这种严重中毒症状的机理仍未清楚。曾有作者怀疑是伤寒的内毒素血症所致,然而却未从伤寒病患者的血液中得到证明。Butler等曾对21例伤寒患者进行鲎试验,结果均为阴性,而这种鲎试验是可以检出 Typhoid fever is still the most prevalent disease in the world. In some countries in Asia and Africa, the case fatality rate remains as high as 12%. In addition, there are still some problems on its pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Some recent advances in foreign studies are summarized as follows. The pathogenesis of systemic poisoning symptoms. Severe typhoid fever can occur in patients with severe symptoms such as fever, shock, delirium, stupor, coma and other circulatory and central nervous system symptoms. The mechanism by which this symptom of severe poisoning develops remains unclear. It has been suspected by the authors to be caused by typhoid-induced endotoxemia, but it has not been proved in the blood of typhoid fever patients. Butler et al had 21 cases of typhoid fever test, the results were negative, and this test can be detected